Which of the following explains how bacteria are able to produce human proteins?

a. they have a very thick cell membrane.

b. they readily exchange dna with other organisms.

c. they replicate their dna in the same way as humans.

d. they use the same genetic code as humans.

Recombinant DNA is a technology scientists developed that made itpossible to insert a human gene into the genetic material of a commonbacterium. This “recombinant” micro-organism could now produce the proteinencoded by the human gene. Scientists build the human insulin gene in the laboratory.

Option (D).

Explanation:

Genetic code may be defined as the sequence of the triplet nucleotides that are heritable in nature. The codons code for the particular amino acids in the organism.

Genetic code is universal in nature. This means that the codon codes for the same amino acids in almost all the organism. The same genetic code is coded by the same amino acids in the bacteria as well as humans. Hence, the bacteria has the ability to produce the human protein as well.

Thus, the correct answer is option (D).

bc blah

explanation:

bc blah

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.