Where are proteins made in the cell?

Amniocentesis is a process in which amniotic fluid is taken from the mother's womb to identify any genetic abnormalities in the fetus. how would the discovery of the human genome contribute to this process?

Amino acids contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. of the 20 amino acids found in humans, 11 are called "nonessential" because they can be manufactured by the body when needed. which elements in these 11 amino acids are commonly obtained from the metabolism of sugar molecules?

Membrane vesicles containing an internal sodium chloride (nacl) concentration of 0.14 m are placed into separate beakers each containing a different solution. the first beaker contains 0.14 m sucrose, while the second beaker contains 0.14 m calcium chloride (cacl2). the temperature is 25°c. what is the solute potential inside the vesicles, expressed in units of mpa?