Which is true of genes found in chromosomes

The question lacks options, the options are:

A. They are the site of protein manufacturing.

B. They cause mutations when they make substitutions or deletions to RNA.

C. They cause mutations when they make substitutions or deletions to DNA.

D. They determine the inherited traits of an organism

The answer is D

Explanation:

All living organisms contains a genetic material (DNA) that is found as structures called CHROMOSOMES in their cells. DNA contains segments that codes for certain protein called GENES. The gene of an organism holds the information needed by that organism to build and maintain its cell and pass genetic traits to offsprings.

According to Gregor Mendel, who was referred to as the FATHER OF GENETICS, a gene comes in two forms called ALLELES. Each allele is responsible for the different traits of that same gene. During meiosis, each allele separates into gametes, which fuses with another gamete. The traits expressed by the resulting organism is dependent on the trait encoded by the alleles of a particular gene. Hence, genes of an organism is the way information about a trait is passed to offsprings and also determines which traits the offsprings possess.

fertilization, pictured in figure 24.23a is the process in which gametes (an egg and sperm) fuse to form a zygote. the egg and sperm each contain one set of chromosomes. to ensure that the offspring has only one complete diploid set of chromosomes, only one sperm must fuse with one egg. in mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. when a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions, take place. in placental mammals, the acrosome contains digestive enzymes that initiate the degradation of the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allowing the sperm plasma membrane to fuse with the egg plasma membrane, as illustrated in figure 24.23b. the fusion of these two membranes creates an opening through which the sperm nucleus is transferred into the ovum. the nuclear membranes of the egg and sperm break down and the two haploid genomes condense to form a diploid genome.

explanation:

d.

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