Borrelia is classified as a spirochete because it a) is aerobic. b) possesses an axial filament. c) is a rod. d) is a pathogen. e) is transmitted by ticks.

not only is it colder, it also becomes darker, less salty, and more dense.

homeostasis is the tendency towards a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes. and this is how it applies to the integumentary system. back to top. skin functions in homeostasis include protection, regulation of body temperature, sensory reception, water balance, synthesis of vitamins and hormones, and absorption of materials. when body temperature falls, the sweat glands constrict and sweat production decreases.