The idea of molecular clock genes has been studied for decades, but the hypothesis remains a controversial topic in evolutionary biology. why do you think that is the case? what are three questions you still have about the use of molecular clocks?

advantage of using stem cells in medical research:

1.       it provides medical benefits in the fields of therapeutic cloning and regenerative medicine.

2. it provides great potential for discovering treatments and cures to a variety of diseases including parkinson disease, spinal cord injuries, diabetes, alzheimer’s disease and many more.

3. limbs and organ could be grown in lab from stem cells and then used in transplant or treat illness.

answer: land bridge theory. land bridge theory held that shifting portions of dry land explained the finding of identical species on different continents. plate tectonic theory eventually eliminated the land bridge theory.

this protocol provides a detailed procedure for co-immunoprecipitation (co-ip) to identify protein–protein interactions.