Sort the variables of these three studies based on whether they are independent or dependent variables. study 1: the effect of light on flowering patterns of plants study 2: the effect of penicillin on the growth of e. coli study 3: the effect of progesterone on the ovulation of rats

The correct answer is :

Independent variable-

Light

Penicillin

Progesterone

Dependent variable-

flowering pattern of flowers

Growth of E. coli

Ovulation of rats.

Explanation:

Independent variable is a variable that is not depend on another which can be controlled or altered. Dependent variable is a variable that depends on the independent variable and can be change by changing in the independent variable.

In the given studies effect of light is independent variable as it can effect the flowering pattern of the plants as they they are variable. Same goes with penicillin and progesterone are independent and growth of E. coli and ovulation of rats are dependent variable.

Thus, the correct answer -

Independent variable-

Light

Penicillin

Progesterone

Dependent variable-

flowering pattern of flowers

Growth of E. coli

Ovulation of rats.

succession returns a disturbed

ecosystem to a more stable state. this is also classified into two (2) types:

primary succession and secondary succession. the primary succession arises when

a new land is transformed and a bare rock has been exposed providing an environment

that can be occupied for the first time. while, secondary succession occurs

when a previously occupied environment was disturbed that kills much of all its

community

explanation:

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!