Why "charge" reduces rate of diffusion in cell membrane

Arrange the following in the correct sequence, from earliest to most recent, in which these plant traits originated. 1. sporophyte dominance, gametophyte independence 2. sporophyte dominance, gametophyte dependence 3. gametophyte dominance, sporophyte dependence a) 1 → 2 → 3 b) 2 → 3 → 1 c) 2 → 1 → 3 d) 3 → 2 → 1 e) 3 → 1 → 2

Acceleration is a direct result of a.) balanced forces b.) unbalanced forces c.) gravity d.) velocity hurry!

How can antibodies "remember" a particular bacterial invader or "antigen" on that invader?