Which of the following is not part of the biosphere?
a. hydrosphere
c. atmosphere
b. stratosphere
d. lithosphere

B) Stratosphere is not part of the biosphere. The biosphere is the zone of life or the sphere of the earth where life can exist.

The biosphere overlaps with other spheres of the Earth: the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.

The hydrosphere includes all parts of the Earth that have water. This includes all the rivers, lakes, streams, oceans, seas, ice caps, and glaciers. It makes up 70% of the Earth’s surface and gives the planet its blue color when viewed from above. In the hydrosphere many freshwater and marine plants and animals live. This is why it is considered part of the biosphere.

The stratosphere is not part of the biosphere but a layer or part of the atmosphere. This is where the ozone layer is found which protects the Earth from harmful UV rays from the sun.

The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth. It is made up of gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and a few other gases in smaller quantities. Many animals are found in the atmosphere including birds and flying animals. Since it supports life, then it is part of the biosphere.

The outer crust of the Earth is part of the lithosphere. It pertains to all land areas of the Earth. It is home to all land animals and plants including humans. Thus, it is also part of the zone of life or the biosphere.

Keywords: biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, stratosphere

The biosphere is a component of Earth that comprises life. It is composed of water, land, and air to support life. These components of the biosphere form the hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere, respectively. Therefore, the stratosphere does not form a part of the biosphere but is a layer of atmosphere.  

Further Explanation:

The portion of Earth where life is possible is called the biosphere. It is also called the ecosphere under which all the ecosystems are summed. A biosphere is a closed system consisting of abiotic and biotic components that are self-regulated. It is considered an ecological system where all the living beings interact with the living or non-living components of the atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere.

The aquatic part or water comprising that portion of the biosphere is called the hydrosphere. It consists of rivers, oceans, and lakes. A hydrosphere accounts for the total water content of the planet which includes the presence of water underground, on the surface, or in the air. The movement of water occurs through a cycle in which it is first collected in the clouds from where it falls on the Earth as rain or snow. This water accumulates in the rivers, oceans, and other water bodies and eventually evaporates to begin the cycle again.

The terrestrial area of the biosphere is called the lithosphere. The islands and continents make up the solid masses of land. The mantle and core are the deeper areas of the lithosphere which does not comprise life. The other part of the lithosphere supports the survival of bacteria, mammals and trees.

The atmosphere forms a gaseous layer around the Earth, also called air. The inner layer consists of carbon dioxide and oxygen essential for the survival of plants and animals. The atmosphere also prevents the effect of harmful radiations to reach the earth from the sun. the stratosphere is a layer of atmosphere that consists of ozone that helps in the absorption of ultraviolet radiation emitted by the sun.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Chapter: The Biosphere

Subject: Biology

Keywords:

Biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, stratosphere, land, air, water, ozone, ultraviolet radiation, mantle, core, biotic components, abiotic components.  

ans.

dna fingerprinting is defined as a process that determines the dna characteristics of an individual. these dna characteristics are unique among individuals as their fingerprints, so it is known as dna fingerprinting.

steps of dna fingerprinting includes extraction of dna from sample, amplification of dna, restriction digestion of amplified dna, and then analysis of dna by gel electrophoresis, respectively.

thus, the next step performed by the scientist is 'to cut the amplified dna (obtained by polymerase chain reaction) by restriction enzymes that cleave the dna into fragments and their analysis.'

the two answers are a, the population of birds with large beaks will increase on the island, and c, the trait for large beaks will be passed on to future generations through natural selection. the reason for that is because if the birds that have beaks developed for eating small seeds lose all of their food, they will go hungry and eventually starve because they physically cannot eat the large seeds, therefore making the population of large beaked birds higher. also, if the trait of large beaks are dominant on the island over small beaks, then over time the large beaked birds will reproduce more and more, while the smaller beaked birds will reproduce less and less because they can't survive with the food provided. that leads to the trait of small beaks disappearing and the trait of large beaks taking over the island.