10. research and find a disease that is caused by chromosomal mutations. when does the mutation occur? what chromosomes are affected? what are the consequences?

Down Syndrome is caused by a chromosomal - the trisomy of chromosome 21. The non-disjunction of the homologous chromosomes during meiosis causes some of the daughter cell to have two sets of chromosome  21. During fertilization, the resulting zygote, therefore, will have three chromosomes 21. The symptoms of this genetic disorder are; intellectual disability and stunted growth.

lysosome is this part of the cell is surrounded by a very thick outer membrane to protect the rest of the cell from its strong enzymes.