The pairing of chromosomes and the exchange of dna between chromosomes is called crossing over, the diagram below illustrates this concept. crossing over is a completely random process. what effect will crossing over have on the new cells produced after meiosis?

The right answer is B (in the most of the cases).

The crossing-over (equilibrium) corresponds to an intercrossing of homologous chromosomes that, during meiosis I, exchange certain chromatid fragments after pairing, leading to a mixture of the genes they carry.

Cross-over occurs only in heterozygous individuals (with linked genes, that is, two genes on the same pair of homologous chromosomes). The heterozygous individual, after crossing-over, will produce parental gametes and recombinant gametes.

In homozygous individuals, the crossing-over has no influence on the combination of the alleles, since they are identical.

the answer is sex-linked recessive.