How are vaccinated individuals protected against a virus?

Color blindness is a recessive trait. the gene for color blindness is on the x chromosome. the family tree below shows the trait of color blindness. the only unknown is the mother in the first generation

Aresearcher has developed two stains for use with seed plants. one stains sporophyte tissue blue; the other stains gametophyte tissue red. if the researcher exposes pollen grains to both stains, and then rinses away the excess stain, what should occur? a) the pollen grains will be pure red. b) the pollen grains will be pure blue. c) the pollen grains will have red interiors and blue exteriors. d) the pollen grains will have blue interiors and red exteriors.

Which of the following best describes the expensive tissue hypothesis? brains require more energy, so the gut had to be reduced, and larger brains and tool use led to higher quality diets. increasing body size means that homo neanderthalensis had to include more fat in its diet. brains require more energy, so the gut had to be reduced as brains got bigger. brains require more fat, so the gastrointestinal viscera (gut) had to expand, and hands were needed to acquire more food.