Probiotics are foods, like yogurt, or dietary supplements that contain living bacteria. why would someone want to knowingly consume bacteria? to reduce the ability of pathogens to populate the gut to populate their gut with "good" bacteria to reduce or eliminate gastrointestinal problems all of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

Probiotics like yogurt contain good bacteria that help reduce the ability of pathogens to colonize the gut and help eradicate gastrointestinal problems. In addition, the good bacteria from yogurt assist our own bacteria to fight pathogens and reduce gut inflammation.

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.