Details the structure and function of a eukaryotic cell

Structure and function of eukaryotic cell

Eukaryotes have following promint components of cell

1. True nucleus:
The nucleus is surrounded by a true membrane called nucleoplasm. Nucleus contain hereditary materials, DNA which control inheritance. It also contain RNA synthesize in nucleolus.

2. Cell wall:
It is present only in plant cell, and contain cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, suberin etc. It provides mechanical support to plants.

3. Cell membrane:
It is present both in plants and animal cells. It is made from protein, lipids and carbohydrates. It acts as selective permeable membrane and control the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.

4. Mitochondria and chloroplast:
Chloroplast is present only in plant cell. It contains chlorophyll which aid in photosynthesis and prepare glucose.
Mitochondria is present in all eukaryotic cells.cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria and ATP is formed by the break down of glucose.

5. Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus:
Endomembrane system of eukaryotic cell is made from a network of tube and sacks connected together forming endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus independently. Endoplasmic reticulum may have attached ribosomes or not and is involved in protein synthesis, while golgi apparatus help in modification, packaging, and transport of proteins through out the cell.
Lysosomes, cytoskeleton, vacoules, peroxisomes, glyoxisomes and other organelles are also present in eukaryotic cell.