Define formalism. what is it not influenced by? (two things)

Organum was first developed by religious singers adding another melody directly above the chant and mirroring the chant line. true false

Up un pics vviru 15 ul luciuiuc pily! june and sylvio speak to mr. teller in the driveway of their farmhouse. it is raining hard, and they all carry umbrellas. a dog sits on the steps of the house. june: we didn't think you'd be coming back for the puppy. mr. teller: i said i would when i dropped the puppy off. it's raining at june and sylvio's farmhouse. mr. teller islae owner of lucy, the puppy. mr. teller wants his dog, lucy, back. lucy was a puppy at first but is now a dog. sylvio: yes, but that was months ago. we thought you'd be back for the puppy in a couple days. now she's a full-grown dog. we have raised her ourselves, we built her her own doghouse, and we love her. mr. teller: but she's my dog. i only dropped her off at your house for safekeeping since i had to go out of town on business. now i'm back and i want my dog back. sylvio: i don't know, mr. teller. we love lucy like our own. we want to keep her. mark this and return save and exit next submit exit session

What considers literature as a reflection of the time and place in which it was written?