The melody of the opening phrase of The Star Spangled Banner rises and falls
in pitch. Which of the following sections of
lyrics corresponds with a rise in pitch?

A. "Yet wave" probably
B. "Early light" probably

C. "O, say' not the answer

D. "By the dawn's" not sure

B

Explanation:

Early light are the only words of the choices that rise in pitch

they are often in theme and variations

i'm not sure i completely understand your question, but i will do my best.

i think the answer you are looking for is sequence. (see below)

a repeated melodic fragment would be best defined as repetition, while repeated chords (different or the same) could be a chord progression. however, you then mentioned the chord and melodic fragment beginning on higher or lower pitches, in that case, the answer could be best defined as a sequence. the definition of a sequence is as follows: "the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice."

let me know if this !