Themes of expressionism

What considers literature as a reflection of the time and place in which it was written?

I'm dying: a couple going on vacation but his wife was on a business trip so he went to the destination first and his wife would meet him the next day. when he reached his hotel, he decided to send his wife a quick email. unfortunately, when typing her address, he mistyped a letter and his note was directed instead to an elderly preacher’s wife whose husband had passed away only the day before. when the grieving widow checked her email, she took one look at the monitor, let out a piercing scream, and fell to the floor in a dead faint. at the sound, her family rushed into the room and saw this note on the screen: dearest wife, just got checked in. everything prepared for your arrival tomorrow. p. s. sure is hot down here.

Look at the sculpture above of a gustus a staff like the one he is holding symbolized in roman culture