Asyncopation describes when an accent is shifted to a(n)

I believe the answer is a weak beat

Rhythmic stresses put where they normally wouldnt be.  An interruption to the normal flow of the rhythm.

Explanation:

the answer is counterpoint.

counterpoint definition: "the art or technique of playing a melody or melodies in conjunction with another, according to fixed rules."

counterpoint is present in a lot of baroque music- such as bach (notably his wtc prelude and fugues) and scarlatti, but can also be found in music by mozart, beethoven. it can even be found in music as modern as john williams!