Which sociologist contributed significantly to the sociology of science? a. auguste comte b. robert e. park c. emile durkheim d. robert k. merton e. william e. b. du bois

it's d, robert k merton. in 1994 he was awarded the national medal of science for his contributions to the field and for having founded the sociology of science.

relief sculpture - images are set against a flat background.

a coin is a good example: the inscription, the date, and the figure are slightly raised above a flat surface. the ancient egyptians sometimes carved figures into a flat surface.  

pro: they take significantly less time to make and do not require as much tools or skills as free-standing

cons: not nearly as realistic, as it is not fully 3-d, and does not have the details that a free-standing one does.

freestanding sculptures (also called  carved in the round) are not attached to any  background.   they are 3-dimensional  and fully rendered.