When creating his silverpoint drawing heads of the virgin and child, raphael employed a process in which the artist uses closely arranged parallel lines to create value.

When creating his silverpoint drawing Heads of the Virgin and Child, Raphael employed "hatching"...

Hatching is a procedure used to make tonal or shading impacts by moving closely dispersed parallel lines. The fundamental idea is that the amount, thickness and dividing of the lines will influence the brilliance of the general picture, and underline frames making the illusion of volume. Hatching lines ought to dependably pursue the frame.

earliest

neumes above text

neumes

colored lines

neumes

4-line staff

f, c, or g clef

notes on 5-line staff with clef

mensuration (longas and breves)

time signature (perfect or half circle)

most recent

notes on 5-line staff

modern clefs

modern note values (whole, half, quarter, and so on)

modern time signature

italian words and abbreviations for dynamics and tempo

staccato, slurs, and so on

the music of the classical period was often written to be more accessible and enjoyable for all people, rather than just the wealthy. how does contemporary music reach all audiences instead of selected patrons? select a contemporary genre of music and discuss how it reaches varied audiences. be sure to identify your musical choice within your discussion.