AP US GOV exam part B 02.09 1. Explain how the median income of minorities in the nation is affected by U. S. Supreme Court decision making.

The Spectrum, the school-sponsored newspaper of Hazelwood East High School, was written and edited by students. In May 1983, Robert E. Reynolds, the school principal, received the page proofs for the May 13 issue. Reynolds found two of the articles in the issue to be inappropriate, and ordered that the pages on which the articles appeared be withheld from publication. Cathy Kuhlmeier and two other former Hazelwood East students brought the case to court.
In Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988), the Court held in a 5-to-3 decision that the First Amendment did not require schools to affirmatively promote particular types of student speech. The Court held that schools must be able to set high standards for student speech disseminated under their auspices, and that schools retained the right to refuse to sponsor speech that was "inconsistent with 'the shared values of a civilized social order.'" Educators did not offend the First Amendment by exercising editorial control over the content of student speech so long as their actions were "reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns." The actions of Principal Reynolds, the Court held, met this test.
Source: Oyez, Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988)

1. Identify a constitutional provision that is common in both Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988) and Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969).
2. Based on the constitutional provision identified, explain how the facts of Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier led to a different holding than the holding in Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District.
3. Explain how members of the public who disagree with the holding in of Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier could act to limit its impact.

Thank you for your help, i don’t have many points so I only have 15 but i really appreciate it.