Classical (pavlovian) conditioning contains several elements. for each element in the list below, explain how that element works and provide a corresponding example. unconditioned stimulus unconditioned response
neutral stimulus
conditioned stimulus
conditioned response
stimulus discrimination
stimulus generalization

Unconditioned stimulus- a stimulus that unconditionally, naturally, and automatically triggers a response. ex. when you smell one of your favorite foods, you may immediately feel very hungry.

Unconditioned response- an unlearned response that occurs naturally in reaction to the unconditioned stimulus. ex. Gasping in pain after being stung by a bee.

Neutral stimulus- stimulus which initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention. ex. a sound or song.

Conditioned stimulus- is a previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response. ex. the sound of a whistle when you smell the food

Conditioned response- an automatic response established by training to an ordinarily neutral stimulus. ex. feeling hungry when you heard the sound of the whistle.

Stimulus discrimination- learn to respond only to the original stimulus, and not to other similar stimuli. ex. If the dogs did not drool in response to the trumpet noise, it means that they are able to discriminate between the sound of the tone and the similar stimulus

Stimulus generalization- tendency of a new stimulus to evoke responses or behaviors similar to those elicited by another stimulus. ex. Ivan Pavlov conditioned dogs to salivate using the sound of a bell and food powder

Explanation:

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claude wants to buy a car and there are a few factors that will affect the decision he makes in choosing what car he should buy. the first factor that can affect his decision regarding what car to buy can be the social and the cultural influence of the society he is living in. for example, there might be a certain car that might have a better value in the eyes of the society or in other words a better social norm regarding that car.

another factor can be personal habits. claude might need a spacious car because he might have kids or might utilize the back seat for other purposes hence a sports car (2 seated) won’t be appropriate.