`. Identify the constitutional provision that requires state legislatures to re-draw congressional district maps on a periodic basis, and explain the concept of gerrymandering has evolved from this requirement. 2. Explain how the considerations in Cooper v. Harris (2017) are similar or different to those involved in Baker v. Carrr (1962). 3. Explain how, when it returned to the task of re-drawing these districts, the North Carolina legislature would need to be responsive to the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and/or the Voting Rights of 1965.

claude wants to buy a car and there are a few factors that will affect the decision he makes in choosing what car he should buy. the first factor that can affect his decision regarding what car to buy can be the social and the cultural influence of the society he is living in. for example, there might be a certain car that might have a better value in the eyes of the society or in other words a better social norm regarding that car.

another factor can be personal habits. claude might need a spacious car because he might have kids or might utilize the back seat for other purposes hence a sports car (2 seated) won’t be appropriate.  

the answer to the question is punishment. or more specifically, positive punishment.

positive punishment occurs when a behavior is given a negative consequence for the individual doing the behavior.

sara no longer wants to ask questions (the behavior) because she is ridiculed by mr. smith (the punishment).

reinforcement is inaccurate because reinforcement always gives positive consequences for the individual doing the behavior, be it by introducing a pleasant consequence or removing an unpleasant one.