The distance between london and berlin is
approximately
urban population (1850)
north
sea
russian
empire
300 miles
600 miles
1,000 miles
london
berlin
brussels
atlantic
ocean
paris
austrian
empire
black
sea
ottoman
empire
percent of population
in cities of 100,000+
20% or more
6 to 10%
5% or less
500 km
500 mi